in the election of 2000 florida was brainly

[21] Additionally, this Florida election produced many more "overvotes" than usual, especially in predominantly African-American precincts in Duval County (Jacksonville), where some 21,000 ballots had multiple markings, such as two or more choices for president. Judges are either elected or politically appointed, so probably not in the way you are trying to get at. With the election effectively ended, Floridas 25 electoral votes were awarded to George W. Bush, whose lead in the state stood at 327 votes out of six million cast after a machine recount in November. It was in line with a letter sent out by Harris stating that if a postmark was not present on an overseas ballot, it had to be thrown out. "[6] The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights found that an "overall lack of leadership in protecting voting rights was largely responsible for the broad array of problems in Florida during the 2000 election. According to a massive months-long study commissioned by eight news organizations in 2001, George W. Bush probably still would have won even if the U.S. Supreme Court had allowed a limited statewide recount to go forward as ordered by Floridas highest court. It would of taken too much time and money to do a complete re vote. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Nine other counties said that it was a possibility, while 49 counties said that they would not have counted reclaimable overvotes per the court's order. A problem that occurred in Florida during the 2000 election was very minute difference in votes that state statute necessitated a repeat. Was there anything else that he could have done? Technically, the voters of Florida cast their ballots for electors, representatives to the Electoral College. [2] That deadline arrived two hours after the release of the Court's decision. By 8 p.m. The Court, stating that not meeting the "safe harbor" deadline would therefore violate the Florida Election Code, rejected an extension of the deadline.". The presidential election of November 7, 2000 was one of the most memorable - and controversial - in the history of the United States. The Constitution has it structured the way it is, and they did it that way. The Democrats share of the Cuban-American vote dropped dramatically after 1996. On November 14, the original deadline for reporting results, with the Volusia County recount complete, Bush held a 300-vote lead. As the manual recounts progressed, most of Florida's counties were considering overseas absentee ballots. The hotly-contested battle for the presidency between George W. Bush and Al Gore was ultimately decided by the Supreme Court. The 2000 election resulted in numerous court battles over contested ballots and recounts. At the time, he urged caution, but in the heat of the moment, NPR like other media organizations called the state for Gore. a. won the popular vote. A: Nobody can say for sure who might have won. In the hours that followed, the nation came to know the name Katherine Harris. Direct link to shawnfu02's post Would it have been possib, Posted 6 years ago. Specifically, the use of different standards of counting in different counties violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution. Wednesday, November 8 dawned with some uncertainty as to who would be the next president. Amount excludes 139 Miami-Dade precincts that were recounted. What were the long-term consequences of the 2000 election? According to the study, 3146 (3%) of the 111,261 examined overvotes "contained clear and therefore legally valid votes not counted in any of the manual recounts during the dispute. There are many possible responses to your question. Taken together with Florida, those states triggered the network's computer programs to conclude Gore would win the Electoral College. [82] The post-controversy recounts revealed that, "if a manual recount had been limited to undervotes, it would have produced an inaccurate picture of the electorate's position."[4]. Following the 2000 presidential election, the bush campaign asked the florida supreme court to order a hand recount of the ballots. 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida, NORC-sponsored Florida Ballot Project recount, County-by-county standards for write-in overvotes in 2000. County officials were unable to deliver as many as 2,200 problem ballots to the investigators that news organizations hired to conduct the recount. a) running for congress b) writing about immigrants c) leading factor riots d) speaking against slavery. Ballots received after deadline, lacking required postmarks, unsigned, undated, cast after election day, from unregistered voters or voters not requesting ballots, lacking witness signature or address, or double-counted. Networks said they relied on exit polling to call Florida. "[4] According to Anthony Salvado, a political scientist at the University of California, Irvine, who acted as a consultant on the media recount, most of the errors were caused by ballot design, ballot wording, and efforts by voters to choose both a president and a vice president. "But," it said, "Gore could not have won without a hand count of overvote ballots, something that he did not request.". She said that she used both sides of the ballot in order to make the candidate names larger so the county's elderly residents could more easily see the names.[54]. So it is possible that either candidate might have emerged the winner of an official recount, and nobody can say with exact certainty what the "true" Florida vote really was. On December 8, in a 43 decision, the Florida Supreme Court ordered immediate manual recounts of undervotes for the office of president in all counties where such recounts had not already taken place. About 3:00 am Gore called a stunned Bush to retract his concession. That decision was announced on live worldwide television by the Florida Supreme Court's spokesman Craig Waters, the Court's public information officer. Direct link to Tristan Lvin's post Couldn't they have just r, Posted 5 years ago. On the evening of election dayNovember 7, 2000a clear winner of the presidential election had yet to emerge. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. The Florida Statutes contemplate that where electronic or electromechanical voting systems are used, no vote is to be declared invalid or void if there is a clear indication of the intent of the voter as determined by the county canvassing board. With only two hours remaining until the December 12 deadline, the Supreme Court's order effectively ended the recount. Bush's win in Florida gave him a majority of votes in the Electoral College and victory in the presidential election. The Gore campaign then requested that the disputed ballots in four counties be recounted by hand. The Associated Press, 11 Nov 2001. Is this statement in any way correct? As USA Today said of the findings on May 11, 2001: USA Today: George W. Bush would have won a hand recount of all disputed ballots in Floridas presidential election if the most widely accepted standard for judging votes had been applied. This immediately reduced the Bush margin from 537 to 154 (537215168 is 154). A January 2001 review by the Palm Beach Post of those "set-aside" ballots determined that 4318 were "unambiguous" valid votes. The instructions on the sample ballots said "Vote every page". An earlier study by a different media consortium reached similar conclusions. decided a hand recount could not be done in time for the electoral college vote What good and Ideas came from china ? Decisions by some canvassing boards to count illegal overseas absentee ballots. At the time, Republicans expressed dismay at the idea of a recount. For the results of the previous election, see United States presidential election of 1996. Half of the overvotes in Duval County had one presidential candidate marked on each page, making their vote illegal under Florida law. BDO Seidman's results, reported in USA Today, show that under the strictest standard, where only a cleanly punched ballot with a fully removed chad was counted, Gore's margin was three votes. Two-coder general agreement for punch-card counties. a. a global recession. Gore appealed that decision to the Florida Supreme Court. The Bush campaign appealed the decision, and the US Supreme Court agreed to hear the case. "[74] CNN and PBS reported that, had the recount continued with its existing standards, Bush would likely have still tallied more votes, but variations of those standards (and/or of which precincts were recounted) could have swung the election either way. The standards that were chosen for the NORC study ranged from a "most restrictive" standard (accepts only so-called perfect ballots that machines somehow missed and did not count, or ballots with unambiguous expressions of voter intent) to a "most inclusive" standard (applies a uniform standard of "dimple or better" on punch marks and "all affirmative marks" on optical scan ballots). Bush's margin was so small that all the anomalies and oddities that mar the margins of any major election ballooned into major national controversies. Officials in a majority of punch-card counties said they would accept a single-corner detached chad as an indicator of voter intent, and officials in a majority of optical scan counties said they would accept all affirmative marks as described in NORC codes as indicators of voter intent. Gore, legal case, decided on December 12, 2000, in which the Supreme Court of the United States reversed an order by the Florida Supreme Court for a selective manual recount of that state's U.S. presidential election ballots. The recounts had gone up until December 9 (although they had been stopped and restarted and stopped and restarted several times before then) when the Supreme Court stopped the recount with a 7 to 2 decision, on the basis that it violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. In a statewide election decided by hundreds, maybe only dozens, of votes, the limitations of the voting machinery compounded with sometimes sloppy custody of the ballots and the slight but measurable biases of allegedly neutral human tabulators make getting precise vote totals virtually impossible. So this week we begin again the arduous process of deciding how to count, and recount, Florida. The recount was in progress on December 9 when the United States Supreme Court, by a 5 to 4 vote (Justices Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg and Breyer dissenting), granted Bush's emergency plea for a stay of the Florida Supreme Court recount ruling, stopping the incomplete recount. rythionic. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He is also alleging thatthere have been widespread accounts of voter fraud in these uncalled states. The NORC adjusted its analysis for the Orange County results and a few minor differences by increasing the starting baseline vote total by 535 votes. In one of the most controversial decisions that the Supreme Court concluded, the case ended up with a 5 to 4 ruling for Bush on Dec. 12, 2000, a move that puzzled reporters as some said they ruled in favor of Bush, while others said the same about Gore. The Florida Supreme Court ordered only a recount of so-called "undervotes," about 62,000 ballots where voting machines didnt detect any vote for a presidential candidate. He captured it easily, seeing off a challenge from Bill Bradley, a former U.S. senator from New Jersey. In the Election of 2000, Florida was (5 points) Select one: a. first to submit state election results b. a swing state with challenged votes c. overwhelmingly in support of Bush d. overwhelmingly in support of Gore 2 See answers Advertisement HistoryGuy George W. Bush 's two presidential election campaigns (2000, 2004). Furthermore, the number of undervotes correlates with how well the punch-card machines are maintained, and not with factors such as race or socioeconomic status. The 2000 presidential election was the closest in the history of the US Electoral College and the first ever to be decided by the US Supreme Court. Lawyers for the two sides began arriving in Florida, focusing on the state capital of Tallahassee. It would surely be accepted by the reviewing authority, which was the U.S. Senate, where Republicans were in control. Jeb Bush, the nominee's brother, and she had been co-chair of the nominee's statewide campaign. Direct link to ArmstronMakenna's post Shouldn't the electoral c, Posted 6 years ago. The 54 per curiam (unsigned) decision effectively awarded Floridas 25 Electoral College votes to Republican candidate George W. Bush, thereby ensuring his victory over Democratic candidate Al Gore. [19]:221234.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}. The official result was finally decided by Katherine Harris, Florida's Secretary of State, when she was forced to certified the . [10] The county canvassing board was then to decide whether to do a recount, as well as the method of the recount, in those three precincts. These standards are applied to both undervotes and overvotes. India? Bush carried most states in the South, the rural Midwest, and the Rocky Mountain region, while Gore won most states in the Northeast, the upper Midwest, and the Pacific Coast. Palm Beach Post, 11 Nov. 2001. It also stayed the state certification to November 26. The organization analyzed 171,908 ballots (60,647 undervotes and 111,261 overvotes), 3102 less than the later NORC study. Florida statutes also required that all counties certify and report their returns, including any recounts, by 5:00p.m. on November 14. The vote had been announced by Florida's secretary of state. [19]:215216 Also, before the election, the Secretary of State's office had expunged tens of thousands of citizens identified as felons from the Florida voting rolls, with African-Americans identified on some counties' lists at up to five times their share of the population. That part of the vote count was completed on November 18, increasing Bush's lead to 930 votes. Further, counties and precincts with large black populations disproportionately had technologies where ballots would predictably go uncounted. emilyrawlings2444. Some questioned Buchanan's 3,407 votes in Palm Beach County, Florida, given the liberal leanings of the county, the sizeable Jewish population, and his performance in the remainder of the state. ET on their election night specials, the national networks were calling populous swing states such as Pennsylvania and Michigan for Gore. during the presidential election of 2000, which state's voting system came under enormous scrutiny because of voting irregularities caused by poorly designed ballots? This site is using cookies under cookie policy . Eventually, the Gore campaign appealed to the Florida Supreme Court, which ordered the recount to proceed. Florida's secretary of state, Katherine Harris, a Republican, then gave counties until 2:00p.m. on November 15 to provide reasons for recounting their ballots. What was the primary election-year problem in Florida? Bush won 12 of 23 congressional districts. On November 28, Judge N. Sanders Sauls of Leon County Circuit Court rejected Gore's request to include the recount results from Miami-Dade and Palm Beach Counties. In this constitutional system, the "will of the people" is an irrelevant abstraction. hide caption. [22] At the same time that the Bush campaign was contesting hand recounts in Democratic counties, it accepted hand recounts in Republican counties that gained them 185 votes, including where Republican Party workers had been permitted to correct errors on thousands of applications for absentee ballots for Republicans. [78] Among the nearly 85,000 Votomatic overvotes in the sample, only 721 reclaimable votes were confirmed in the NORC study. 1 / 6. The organization analyzed 61,190 undervotes and 113,820 overvotes. It was governed by Jeb Bush, a staunch conservative[8] and George W. Bush's brother. Including overvotes in the above totals for undervotes gives different margins of victory: The overvotes with write-in names were also noted by Florida State University public policy professor and elections observer, Lance deHaven-Smith, in his interview with Research in Review at Florida State University:[85]. Omissions? Copyright 2023 Center for the National Interest All Rights Reserved. George W. Bush (R) & Dick Cheney (R) v. Al Gore (D) & Joe Liberman (D) No candidate won a majority in the 2000 election. c. 271. In this race, the gap appeared to be roughly 0.01 percent. The study cost nearly $1 million and was the most thorough and comprehensive news-media review of the Florida balloting. Orange County then performed a hand segregation and determined that these votes numbered 184 for Bush, 249 for Gore and 79 for other candidates. Florida state law at the time allowed a candidate to request a manual recount by protesting the results of at least three precincts. On November 14, Democratic lawyer Mark Herron authored a memo on how to challenge flawed ballots, including overseas ballots cast by members of the military. 3.06 Elections and Voting. It was anecdotal evidence at best, and local authorities argued persuasively that the police presence near a polling place was pure coincidence. The results were 49% for Gore and 40% for Bush, with 11% uncertain or not wishing to respond.[86]. Would it have been possible to have some other non-partisan judges hear the Bush v Gore case? India? On the other hand, the study also found that Gore probably would have won, by a range of 42 to 171 votes out of 6 million cast, had there been a broad recount of all disputed ballots statewide. The county-level variance from the total number of ballots was 0.76%. The controversy in detail: A big recount controversy in Florida, a swing state, took centre stage in the election. Florida voting irregularities United. Students also viewed. It is safe to say the wounds from the battles of 18 years ago have never healed not in Florida and not in the nation's highest court. From affirmative action and hate-crime laws it's a small step to ensuring that all voters, however negligent, have their intent, however vague, reflected in the final result of an election. To some, voting is a right that should be guaranteed regardless of any incompetence, error, failure, or irresponsibility on the part of the voter. Dispute over the butterfly ballot Posted 7 years ago. Conservatives claimed that the same ballot had been successfully used in the 1996 election;[18] in fact, it had never been used in a Palm Beach County election among rival candidates for office. 7 terms. Following the machine recount, the Gore campaign requested a manual recount in four counties. Whoever wins the most votes in the state is awarded all 25 electoral votes. George W. Bush, et al., Petitioners v. Albert Gore, Jr., et al. While Democrats did make their way down to Florida, there was nothing like the certainty or the passion that ignited Republicans. Bush, Ronald Reagan and Richard Nixon. What good and Ideas came from china ? Direct link to Edward (Eddie) W.'s post One big question that I h, Posted 2 years ago. On November 13 the Gore campaign and Volusia and Palm Beach Counties sued to have the deadlines extended.[13]. [80], The NORC was expecting 176,446 uncounted ballots to be available from Florida's counties, based on county precinct reports that produced the final, state-certified vote totals. CNN.com, 2001. The four in the minority had been nominated by three presidents: Republicans Gerald R. Ford and George H.W. Map of the United States showing the number of electoral votes at stake in each state, colored red or blue according to whether Bush (red) or Gore (blue) won the state. On November 11, it joined a group of Florida voters in suing in federal district court for a preemptive injunction to stop all manual recounting of votes in Florida. Networks initially projected Gore the winner in Florida, but later they declared that Bush had opened an insurmountable lead. Bush ultimately prevailed after a strenuous fight, including an especially brutal effort by the Bush campaign in the South Carolina primary. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. A: There is currently no strong evidence that acetaminophen use during pregnancy causes autism or ADHD in children. By the time the networks switched Florida to Bush, the Texan had enough Electoral College support to be the projected winner. In its opinion, the Supreme Court cited several areas where the Florida Supreme Court had violated both the federal and Florida constitutions. And not in the minds of a generation of Americans who thought the White House should have gone to Gore. Nationally, Bush had won 246 electoral votes; Gore had won 260. . The review's findings were reported in the media during the week after November 12, 2001, by the organizations that funded the recount: Associated Press, CNN, The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, The Washington Post, St. Petersburg Times, The Palm Beach Post and Tribune Publishing, which included the Los Angeles Times, South Florida Sun-Sentinel, Orlando Sentinel and Chicago Tribune. The court ordered counties to submit returns by November 26, until which time the stay of certification would stand.[59]. On November 17, Judge Terry Lewis of Leon County Circuit Court permitted Harris to certify the election results without the manual recounts, but on the same day the Florida Supreme Court stayed that decision until it could consider an appeal by Gore. As the manual recounts continued, the battle to certify the results intensified. On election day, Gore won the popular vote by over half a million votes. Bush, against Democrat Al Gore, former senator from Tennessee and vice president in the administration of. USA Today, The Miami Herald, and Knight Ridder commissioned accounting firm BDO Seidman to count undervotes. [78] The 175,010 ballots examined contained undervotes (votes with no choice made for president) and overvotes (votes made with more than one choice marked). Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Corrections? Fast forward three weeks later on Nov. 26, 2000, the state of Florida declared Bush the winner by just 537 votes. The Bush campaign quickly filed an appeal with the U.S. Supreme Court, asking it to delay the recounts until it could hear the case; a stay was issued by the court on December 9. I don't understand why the Supreme Court couldn't have just let it proceed? The state's electorate was becoming more diverse in general, with growing Asian and Hispanic immigrant populations. Subsequent statements by Lewis and internal court documents support the likelihood that overvotes would have been included in the recount. Why was a re-vote not enacted, that could have been monitored more carefully? Karl Rove, in full Karl Christian Rove, (born December 25, 1950, Denver, Colorado, U.S.), American political consultant and principal architect of U.S. Pres. George W. Bush received fewer popular votes than Albert Gore Jr., but received a majority of electoral votes.

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